任务:对于每件商品,找到价格最贵的经销商或经销商。
这个问题可以用像这样的子查询来解决:
SELECT article, dealer, price
FROM shop s1
WHERE price=(SELECT MAX(s2.price)
FROM shop s2
WHERE s1.article = s2.article)
ORDER BY article;
+---------+--------+-------+
| article | dealer | price |
+---------+--------+-------+
| 0001 | B | 3.99 |
| 0002 | A | 10.99 |
| 0003 | C | 1.69 |
| 0004 | D | 19.95 |
+---------+--------+-------+
前面的示例使用了一个相关子查询,这可能是低效的(请参阅第 13.2.10.7 节,“相关子查询”)。解决该问题的其他可能性是在FROM
子句或
LEFT JOIN
.
不相关的子查询:
SELECT s1.article, dealer, s1.price
FROM shop s1
JOIN (
SELECT article, MAX(price) AS price
FROM shop
GROUP BY article) AS s2
ON s1.article = s2.article AND s1.price = s2.price
ORDER BY article;
LEFT JOIN
:
SELECT s1.article, s1.dealer, s1.price
FROM shop s1
LEFT JOIN shop s2 ON s1.article = s2.article AND s1.price < s2.price
WHERE s2.article IS NULL
ORDER BY s1.article;
其LEFT JOIN
工作原理是当
s1.price
为最大值时,没有
s2.price
更大的值,因此对应的s2.article
值为
NULL
。请参阅第 13.2.9.2 节,“JOIN 子句”。